Fertility rate definition?

• A. The frequency of deaths within a population during a defined time period
• B. A measure of the number of live births in a population, usually expressed as the average number of children born per woman of childbearing age (typically 15-49) in a given year
• C. The total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period
• D. The number of people alive at birth

Answer: (B)

Fertility rate measures how many births occur relative to the number of people who could have children, typically expressed as the average number of children born per woman of childbearing age (about 15–49) in a given year. This directly reflects reproductive activity in a population and allows comparisons across countries and over time. It’s not about deaths (that would be mortality), not about economic output (GDP), and not merely the count of people alive at birth (a static population count rather than a rate of fertility).