Which three core principles are described in the Belmont Report?

• A. Respect for Persons (autonomy), Beneficence, and Justice
• B. Autonomy, Privacy, and Confidentiality
• C. Beneficence, Non-malfeasance, and Fidelity
• D. Justice, Equality, and Efficiency

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is understanding the ethical framework the Belmont Report established for research with human subjects. It identifies three guiding principles: Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice. Respect for Persons means honoring individuals’ autonomy and providing extra protections for those with diminished autonomy, which is shown through informed consent and voluntary participation. Beneficence involves maximizing potential benefits while minimizing possible harms, so studies are designed to reduce risk and closely monitor participant safety. Justice concerns fair treatment and equitable distribution of the burdens and benefits of research, ensuring that no group is unfairly burdened and that those who bear risks can also share in the benefits.

This trio is unique to the Belmont Report, whereas the other options mix in principles like Privacy, Confidentiality, or non-Belmont concepts such as Non-malfeasance, Fidelity, Equality, or Efficiency.